Fluid-pressure gage



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK Gr. HESSE, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

FLUID-PRESSURE GAGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,765, dated April 10, 1883.

Application filed November as, 1882. (ModeL) land, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented a new and useful Fluid-Pressure Gage, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in pressure-gages for liquids, wherein the pressure of the liquid is reduced in a known proportion and indicated by a column of said liquid in an open pipe.

The object of my invention is to make a portable pressure-gage of small dimensions which can be easily and quickly set in operation, and by means of which great pressures can be very .accurately measured. I attain these objects by the devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure l is a vertical central longitudinal section of my pressure-gage. Fig. 2 is a vertical central longitudinal section of a modified construction of my invention. Fig. 3 is another modified construction of the same, shown partly in elevation and partly in section. Fig. 4 is afront view of the same. Fig. 5 is a m'odifled construction of the inlet of the same. Fig.

6 is a modified construction of the outlet shown' in Fig. 3; and Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate two different adjustments of the perforated outletdisks, as will be seen.

In the drawings, A represents a graduated scale-plate, to which the gage B and wastepipe G are suitably fastened.

The gage B consists of reservoir b, having a minute inlet, b, and a comparatively large out-' let, 1), between which a gage-tube, b, of glass, is joined to the body of the reservoir. The portion of the reservoir 1) which contains the minute inlet b is, by means of an india-rubher pipe, (1, connected with a cock, D, through which the fluid of an induction-pipe, E, passes on its way to the reservoir. The inductionpipeE forms theconnectiou between the pressure-gage and a reservoir, X, (see Fig. 2,) which contains the liquid to be measured, A graduated scale, a, is marked upon the plate A, from which the height of the water in the tube b can be read, expressed in feet, and the pressure of the head in pounds to the square inch, respectively.

When the pressure-gage is to be used, the pipe E is suitably connected with the reservoir X of the pressure-head, the cock D is opened, and the fluid passes through it toward the reservoir b.' The fluid now enters the reservoir through the small inlet b, and gradually fills the same until it finally reaches the outlet b through which outlet a portion of the fluid is now discharged into the waste-pipe C, and thence conducted away to some suitable vessel or means of abduction. The fluid at the same time also enters the tube bflwherein it continues to rise until it has attained an elevation under the pressure of which the full supply from the inlet 1) is caused to be discharged through the outlet b*. The elevation of the surface of the fluid in tube b is now permanent, and may be read from the scale a. It will be seen that the construction or length of the scale a depends upon the sizes of the areas of the said inlet and outlet. The larger the outlet in comparison with the inlet the smaller will be the scale a, and vice versa, inasmuch as it takes less head in tube 1) to force a given amount of water through alarge outlet, 1), than it does to force it through a small outlet.

In Fig. 2 inlet I) and outletb are provided in disks e e in the induction-pipe E, the tube b being joined to the pipe E between said disks. In .Figs. 3 and 4 the principal parts are the same as hereinbefore described, save that they are detachable-as, for example, the minute inlet 1) is formed in a removable cock, D, attached to the reservoir 1) by means of a stopper, d, in an aperture, (1 of the reservoir. Into another aperture, 1), of the reservoir 1) a stopper, b is inserted, which holds the gagetube b and a pipe, I), with the outlets W.

In Fig. 5 an adjustable inlet is shown, which consists of a pipe, E, attached to the pipe E, a number of disks e, having apertures 11, and stays 6 The fluid passing through the apertures b, which are set out of line, cannot flow in a straight current, but the current is broken at each disk through which it travels, and its force is consequently gradually diminished the nearer it gets to the reservoir b. Its operation is therefore the same as that of the minute inlet b, while in case the liquid should be muddy or unclean the danger of having the inlet clogged up is avoided. The same principle applies to the construction shown in Fig. 6, the outlet-pipe I) having a disk with an outlet, b and a cap, 0 with an outlet, 11 The cap 0 can he turned so as to set the outlets l) I) out of line, as shown in Fig. 8, with the same result which attaches to the use of the inlet-pipe shown in Fig. 5. It is obvious that the scale is adjusted by means of a known pressure.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a graduated glass tube, b with a reservoir, b,in the. water-course,

which reservoir is provided with two permanently-established or constant passages, 1) b 15 of relatively small and large area, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of an open gage-tube, b and a reservoir, 11, having an inlet, 11, of small area, and an outlet, D of comparatively 20 large area, substantially as and for the purpose described.

FREDERICK G. HESSE.

Witnesses:

GUSTAVE L. Mix, Ross E. BROWNE. 

